Islamic Heritage and Contemporary Challenges

Islamic Heritage and Contemporary Challenges

The Historical Interpretation of the Verse of the Great Kingdom in Shia Exegeses

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Jaʿfar Nekoonam
Corresponding Author, Professor, Department of Qurʾanic and Hadith Sciences University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
10.48309/ihcc.2026.564975.1036
Abstract
Historical interpretation of the Quran, which describes, explains, and critiques the exegeses of Quranic interpreters throughout history, reveals hidden truths within the Quranic verses. This study employs this method to interpret the verse of the "Great Kingdom" (Quran 4:54), relying on Shia exegeses. The verse is examined across three historical periods: the Quranic era and the post-Quranic era. According to the apparent meaning and context of the verse, as well as similar verses, it refers to the apparent grandeur of the kingdom of the Children of Israel, specifically the kingdom of Solomon. Sunni exegeses and many Shia exegeses have also expressed this meaning. However, narratives propagated by Shia extremists (ghulat) applied the "Great Kingdom" to the Imamate of the Shia Imams, and some Shia exegetes, influenced by these narratives, justified such an application. This study explains that the Shia ghulat, based on their own socio-cultural background, made this application, and that the Shia Imams considered such an application contrary to the Quran and rejected it.
Keywords
Great Kingdom (Mulk 'Azim)
Kingdom of the Children of Israel
Kingdom of Solomon
Imamate of the Imams
Shia Extremists (Ghulat)

Article Title Persian

تفسیر تاریخی آیۀ ملک عظیم در تفاسیر شیعه

Author Persian

جعفر نکونام
نویسنده مسئو ل ، استاد،گروه علوم قرآن وحدیث،دانشگاه قم،قم، ایران،
Abstract Persian

تفسیر تاریخی قرآن که به توصیف و تبیین و نقد تفاسیر مفسران از آیات قرآن در گذر تاریخ می پردازد، حقایق پنهانی از آیات قرآن را آشکار می سازد. آیه ملک عظیم(نساء، 54) در این نوشتار به همین روش با تکیه بر تفاسیر شیعه تفسیر شده است. این آیه در سه بازۀ تاریخی قرآنی و پساقرآنی بررسی گردیده است. این آیه طبق ظاهر و سیاق آیه و نیز آیات مشابه به عظمت ظاهری پادشاهی بنی اسرائیل و به طور خاص پادشاهی سلیمان است، نظارت دارد و تفاسیر اهل سنت و بسیاری از تفاسیر شیعه نیز همین معنا را بیان کردند؛ اما روایات غالیان شیعه ملک عظیم را بر امامت ائمۀ شیعه منطبق ساختند و برخی از مفسران شیعه نیز متأثر از همین روایات چنین تطبیقی را توجیه کردند. در این نوشتار توضیح داده شده است که غالیان شیعه با تکیه بر خاستگاه اجتماعی و فرهنگی خودشان به چنین تطبیق پرداخته و ائمۀ شیعه چنین تطبیقی را خلاف قرآن و مردود خوانده اند.

Keywords Persian

ملک عظیم
پادشاهی بنی اسرائیل
ملک سلیمان
امامت ائمه
غالیان شیعه
The Quran
The Bible
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Islamic Heritage and Contemporary Challenges
Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
December 2025
Pages 7-26